On the 2002, there are actually two modules, the VIU and VCU:
VIU - Vehicle Interface Unit. This box is on the pasenger side of the instrument panel, behind the glove box, but reachable by taking off the top dashboard cover. This box connects to the various vehicle systems, including the microphone, GPS antenna, radio, etc. This is the "brains" of the unit.
VCU - Vehicle Communications Unit. This box is on the driver side of the instrument panel, behind the gauges, and is reacheable by taking off the top dashboard cover, or by removing the gauge cluster and reaching through a small space. This box connects to the celluar antenna, and the VIU, and is the "celluar phone" portion of the system
I summarized this information from the 2002 service manual. I have no information on the 2003 and later trucks, but they are probably similar, but not exactly the same.